Japanese Knotweed Removal in Mellor

Get in touch

Japanese knotweed is a troublesome plant that can cause significant damage to properties if left unchecked.

Understanding the legal obligations for Japanese Knotweed removal is crucial to avoid potential fines and legal action.

It is important to carefully consider the different removal methods, weighing the pros and cons of each to find the most effective solution.

Professional removal may be more costly, but the results are more reliable and may prevent the further spread of Japanese Knotweed.

Discover more about this invasive plant and why Tree Surgeon Near Me is the best choice for Japanese knotweed removal in Mellor.

What are the Legal Obligations for Japanese Knotweed Removal?

In the UK, the removal and control of Japanese knotweed are regulated by several laws including the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and the Environment Protection Act 1990, which mandate specific legal obligations to prevent its spread and protect the environment.

Under these legal frameworks, property owners and developers are required to take necessary precautions to manage and eradicate Japanese knotweed on their land to avoid its rapid growth and potential damage to neighbouring properties. The Environment Agency plays a crucial role in monitoring and enforcing these regulations, ensuring compliance with the established guidelines.

Failure to comply with these laws can result in substantial penalties, fines, and legal actions.

Property owners in Mellor can face severe consequences if Japanese knotweed is allowed to spread unchecked, as it can cause structural damage, reduce property value, and even lead to legal disputes with neighbours.

How to Remove Japanese Knotweed?

Removing Japanese knotweed effectively requires a combination of professional expertise and strategic application of herbicides such as glyphosate to ensure complete eradication and prevent regrowth.

What are the Different Methods of Japanese Knotweed Removal?

There are several methods to remove Japanese knotweed, including herbicide treatments, excavation, and the installation of root barriers to prevent the spread of its invasive roots.

Herbicide treatments involve the application of specific chemicals directly onto the knotweed, targeting its growth and root system. Glyphosate-based herbicides are commonly used as they effectively kill the plant without harming surrounding vegetation. It may require multiple applications over several seasons for complete eradication.

  1. Excavation, on the other hand, involves digging up the entire root system of the plant. This method is labour-intensive but can be highly effective, especially for smaller infestations. Proper disposal of the excavated material is crucial to prevent regrowth.

  2. Installing root barriers is another strategy to contain Japanese knotweed's spread. These barriers act as physical barriers that prevent the roots from growing beyond a certain point. They are particularly useful in areas where excavation is not feasible or in combination with other removal methods.

What are the Pros and Cons of Each Removal Method?

Each method for removing Japanese knotweed, whether it is through herbicides, excavation, or root barriers, comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages that need to be considered for effective management.

Herbicides are often considered a cost-effective and quick solution for eradicating Japanese knotweed. They can target the plant at the source and prevent regrowth, but there are concerns about the environmental impact and potential harm to other plants and wildlife.

Excavation, on the other hand, guarantees complete removal of the plant, ensuring no regrowth. It is labour-intensive, costly, and can disturb the soil ecosystem. Root barriers offer a non-intrusive approach, but may not completely eliminate the plant, requiring ongoing maintenance to control its spread.

What are the Pros and Cons of Each Removal Method?

What Is the Cost To Remove Japanese Knotweed Mellor?

The average cost to remove Japanese Knotweed in the UK is £3500.

The price of Japanese Knotweed removal in the UK can vary significantly based on several factors, including the size of the infestation, the method of removal, and the location. Here are some approximate costs:

Herbicide Treatment Mellor:

Herbicide treatment is typically the most cost-effective method but requires multiple treatments over a period of time, usually 2-3 years. The cost can range from:

£1,000 to £3,000 for a typical residential property.

Excavation and Removal Mellor:

The excavation method involves physically removing the knotweed and contaminated soil. It's quicker but more expensive, usually costing:

£5,000 to £20,000 depending on the extent of the infestation and depth of the roots.

Integrated Treatment Plans Mellor:

Combining herbicide treatments with excavation can be a more effective long-term solution. Costs for these plans can range £2,000 to £10,000.

On-Site Burial or Cell Burial Mellor:

An alternative to off-site disposal is on-site burial, where the knotweed is contained in a geo-textile membrane to prevent regrowth.

On-site Burial of knotweed costs between £5,000 to £15,000 depending on the amount of material and complexity of the site.

Monitoring and Guarantees:

Many companies offer monitoring services and guarantees (often up to 10 years) to ensure the knotweed does not return. These can add £500 to £1,500 to the overall cost.

When considering the overall expenses related to Japanese knotweed removal, it's essential to factor in several key components.

The initial assessment fees play a crucial role in understanding the scope of the infestation and determining the appropriate treatment approach. Following this assessment, the treatment plan itself incurs costs, which can vary based on the size of the affected area and the chosen eradication method.

Can Japanese Knotweed be Removed Without Professional Help?

Whilst it is possible to attempt the removal of Japanese knotweed without professional help using DIY methods, it is generally not recommended due to the plant's invasive nature and the risk of regrowth if not handled correctly.

Removing Japanese knotweed through DIY methods can present various challenges. The plant's extensive root system can spread quickly underground, making it difficult to eradicate entirely without specialised knowledge and tools.

Improper removal techniques may inadvertently spread the invasive plant further, leading to more significant infestations.

Following legal guidelines is crucial when dealing with Japanese knotweed. Many regions have specific laws and regulations governing the proper disposal of this plant due to its destructive potential. Failing to adhere to these guidelines could result in legal consequences and further environmental harm.

Seeking professional assistance for Japanese knotweed removal not only ensures compliance with legal requirements but also offers the expertise needed for effective and long-lasting eradication.

Professionals can assess the extent of the infestation, choose the most appropriate removal methods, and provide ongoing monitoring to prevent regrowth.

How to Prevent Japanese Knotweed from Spreading?

Preventing the spread of Japanese knotweed involves rigorous containment methods such as using root barriers, regular monitoring, and responsible disposal of plant material to ensure that its aggressive root system does not invade new areas.

  1. Root barriers are physical barriers installed underground, preventing the plant's rhizomes from spreading horizontally.

  2. Monitoring involves regular inspections to detect any signs of Japanese knotweed regrowth or spread, enabling prompt intervention.

Proper disposal of Japanese knotweed material is crucial to prevent accidental propagation; this may involve burning, deep burial, or transport to authorised landfill sites.

How to Prevent Japanese Knotweed from Spreading?

What to Do with Japanese Knotweed After Removal?

After removing Japanese knotweed, it is critical to follow legal guidelines set by the Environment Agency for safe disposal to prevent further spread and comply with environmental regulations.

  1. Approved methods for disposing of Japanese knotweed typically involve thorough treatment and containment to ensure eradication without harming the environment.

  2. The Environment Agency plays a crucial role in overseeing and enforcing these regulations to safeguard ecosystems and prevent invasive plants from re-establishing.

  3. By conducting inspections and monitoring disposal practices, they help maintain environmental health and biodiversity.

How Long Does Japanese Knotweed Removal Take?

The duration of Japanese knotweed removal can vary widely, often taking several treatment cycles over a period of months or even years, especially when professional intervention is required to ensure complete eradication.

Several factors influence the timeline for removing Japanese knotweed, including the size and age of the infestation, the effectiveness of the treatment method used, and the environmental conditions.

In general, it is crucial to follow a structured treatment plan, typically consisting of multiple applications of herbicides or physical removal techniques. After the initial treatments, monitoring and follow-up inspections are essential to assess the effectiveness and address any regrowth that may occur. It is important to stay vigilant and proactive to prevent the reemergence of Japanese knotweed in the treated area.

Why Choose Tree Surgeon Near Me for Japanese Knotweed Removal?

Choosing a tree surgeon near me for Japanese knotweed removal ensures that you receive expert services from PCA-qualified technicians who are skilled in using effective treatment methods to manage and eradicate this invasive plant.

The team of PCA Qualified Technicians at Tree Surgeon Near Me possess a wealth of experience and expertise in handling various plant-related challenges, including the stubborn Japanese knotweed.

The comprehensive services offered by Tree Surgeon Near Me go beyond removal, including thorough site inspections, personalised treatment plans, and ongoing monitoring to ensure the complete eradication of Japanese knotweed.

Many satisfied clients have praised Tree Surgeon Near Me for their prompt and professional approach, with numerous success stories highlighting the effective and lasting results achieved in Japanese knotweed removal.

How Does Japanese Knotweed Spread?

Japanese knotweed spreads primarily through its extensive root system and rhizomes, which can grow rapidly and invade new areas, making it one of the most invasive plants in the UK.

These rhizomes are underground stems that can sprout new shoots, allowing the plant to spread quickly and establish itself in various environments.

  • This aggressive growth strategy enables Japanese knotweed to outcompete native vegetation for resources, leading to a reduction in biodiversity.

  • The plant's ability to regenerate from even a tiny fragment of rhizome makes it challenging to control and eradicate completely.

Environmental conditions play a crucial role in facilitating the growth and dispersion of Japanese knotweed.

Factors Favoring Growth

Impact

Moist soil

Allows for optimal root development and expansion

Full sunlight

Promotes photosynthesis and overall plant growth

Warmer climates

Accelerate the growth rate of Japanese knotweed

How to Identify Japanese Knotweed?

Identifying Japanese knotweed involves recognising its distinctive physical characteristics, such as its bamboo-like stems, heart-shaped leaves, and clusters of small white flowers that often bloom in late summer.

What are the Physical Characteristics of Japanese Knotweed?

Japanese knotweed is characterised by its tall, bamboo-like stems that can grow up to 3 metres high, and its large, heart-shaped leaves that are arranged in a zigzag pattern along the stem.

The distinctive stem structure of Japanese knotweed is what often catches the eye of observers, resembling that of bamboo. These sturdy stems can be hollow and have a characteristic segmented appearance. Moving onto its leaves, they are broadly heart-shaped with a pointed tip, adding to the plant's unique appeal.

Japanese knotweed flowers in late summer to early autumn, producing small clusters of creamy white flowers that form a striking contrast against the backdrop of its lush green foliage. As the seasons change, these vibrant green leaves transform into a warm shade of red in autumn, creating a beautiful visual display.

What are the Similar Plants to Japanese Knotweed?

Several plants can be mistaken for Japanese knotweed, including astilbe and goatsbeard, due to their similar appearance and growth patterns.

Astilbe, known for its feathery plumes of flowers, typically reaches about 2 to 3 feet in height, while Japanese knotweed can grow up to 10 feet tall. On the other hand, goatsbeard has large, fluffy flower heads that can be mistaken for knotweed's small white to green flowers.

In terms of leaves, astilbe's foliage is fern-like and often appears more delicate compared to the large, heart-shaped leaves of Japanese knotweed. In contrast, goatsbeard's leaves are deeply lobed, resembling maple tree leaves, unlike the distinct zigzag pattern of knotweed leaves.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does Japanese Knotweed Removal work?

Japanese Knotweed Removal typically involves a combination of methods such as chemical treatment, excavation, and burial. Our team of experts at Tree Surgeon Near Me will assess the severity of the infestation and create a customised removal plan for your specific situation.

Why should I hire a professional for Japanese Knotweed Removal?

Japanese Knotweed is a highly resilient plant that can quickly regrow if not completely removed. Hiring a professional for removal ensures that the plant is properly and thoroughly eradicated, preventing any future growth and potential damage to your property.

Is Japanese Knotweed Removal a one-time process?

No, Japanese Knotweed Removal is not a one-time process. The plant has a strong root system that can survive for multiple years, and it may take several treatments and monitoring to completely eliminate it. We offer long-term management plans to ensure the complete removal of Japanese knotweed.

Will Japanese Knotweed Removal damage my property?

At Tree Surgeon Near Me, we take great care to minimise any potential damage to your property during the removal process. Our team uses safe and effective methods to eliminate Japanese knotweed without causing harm to your property.

Can I remove Japanese Knotweed myself?

It is not recommended to remove Japanese knotweed yourself as it requires specialised knowledge and equipment. Improper removal methods can actually worsen the infestation and spread the plant to other areas. It is best to hire a professional for safe and effective Japanese Knotweed Removal.

We cover Mellor (Lancashire)

Get in touch

We aim to get back to you in 1 working day.


Skip to

Gallery

Other locations available for japanese knotweed removal
Heapey Trough Gate Burscough Penwortham Lane Wheelton Barrow Blackpool Botton Head Drummersdale Limbrick Walthew Green Anderton Waverledge Newton Primet Bridge Lower Copthurst Little Singleton Gressingham Stydd St Anne's Bacup Bilsborrow Waddington Feniscliffe Holmes Matshead Mellor Millhead Higher Audley Lomeshaye Worsthorne Dolphinholme Oakenclough Balderstone Birkacre Salesbury Hardhorn Hugh Mill Helmcroft Ansdell Butt Yeats Pimlico Goodshaw Fold Dunnyshop Ribbleton Hall Forton Edgworth Baxenden Squires Gate Bowgreave Royshaw Hill Green Lane Bottom of Hutton Shaw Green Lower Fold Coates Claughton Charnock Green Great Mitton Yealand Conyers Breedy Butts Waterbarn Higher Broadhalgh Hothersall White Stake Five Lane Ends Poulton-le-Fylde Well Bank Whittingham West End Heaton's Bridge Millgate Beardwood Haggate School Lane Town Green Tarleton Nook Ring o' Bells Broughton Cliffe Winmarleigh Stodday Whitehall Laneshaw Bridge Barber's Moor Tatham Long Ing Lower Baxenden Lower Darwen Edenfield Peel Bank Marsh Side Farm Padiham Higher Croft Samlesbury Bottoms Johnson's Hillock Ford Green Park Close Rossall Beach Gisburn Blackburn Brown Edge Acre Borwick Park Place Bashall Eaves Grimshaw Park Little Poulton Four Lane Ends Grindleton Shorey Bank Brock Skerton Chatburn Moss Side Ryelands Layton Abbeystead Lower Lee Dalton Cadley Goosnargh Astley Village Alleytroyds Edge Fold Tottleworth Weld Bank Spen Brook Lancaster Foxhill Bank Higher Ballam Fence Scarth Hill Grange Wymott Fern Gore Haighton Top Hoscar Golden Hill Sunderland Stopper Lane Dunsop Bridge Little Layton Whiteholme Melling Hollin Bank Thistleton Brookfield Lewth Booth Fold Higher Heysham Oakenhead Wood Stalmine Whitechapel Penwortham Pickup Bank Whittington Stanley Gate Smallwood Hey Out Rawcliffe Bunkers Hill East Gillibrands Barton Holme Chapel Belthorn Ireby Rose Hill Over Burrow Spring Side Spring Green Red Bank Burscough Bridge Normoss Deepdale Cockden Tanterton Ulnes Walton Sherwood Sandham's Green Mawdesley Overtown Mossy Lea Hoohill Bull Hill Little Eccleston Highfurlong Withnell Stanah Hindle Fold Walton Summit Lower Penwortham Radford Colne Edge Sandylands Caton Scout Longholme Bolton Green Wapping Brownside Waterside Windy Harbour Ingol Nethertown West Bradford Walker's Hill Barnfield Norden Lowgill Leyland Tockholes Daisyfield Hurstwood Newton Belgrave Knuzden Brook Moorgate Whin Lane End Height End Potters Brook Grunsagill Cotton Tree Riley Green White Coppice Paythorne Euxton Clayton-le-Woods Hesketh Bank Charnock Richard Hollins Altham Bruna Hill Duncombe Longton Brighouse Green Newsholme Lytham Higher Wheelton Higher Copthurst Lower Bartle Pilling Lane Sabden Sough Edge End Townsend Fold Willacy Lane End Enfield Burnley Bolton-by-Bowland Mere Brow Rose Grove Constable Lee North Holme Newsham Yealand Storrs Whinny Edge Marsh Houses Bracewell Newton Town Head Higher Cloughfold Common Edge Knowle Green Bay Horse Tosside Hyndburn Bridge Bulk Scronkey Brownhill Warton Bank High Moor Halton Brandwood Hare Runs Crossgill Little Hoole Moss Houses Turn Howick Cross Whitewell Middleforth Green Roby Mill Farington Hest Bank Stacksteads Esprick Spring Vale Greave Warton Bolton Houses Garstang Broadfield The Wrangling Accrington Clayton-le-Dale Adlington Park Skitham Laund Ewood Harle Syke Ormskirk Barnoldswick Hawkshaw Chorley Broadfield Rishton Over Town Little Marton Moss Side Great Eccleston Monkroyd Norcross Southward Bottom Tewitfield White Moss Cloughfold Slyne Fosters Green Riverside Docklands Hale Nook Great Altcar Croft Marsh Ashton-on-Ribble Priest Hutton Calder Vale Hala Great Knowley Staining Greenhalgh Saltcotes Myerscough Waterside Balladen Rimington Dunnockshaw Carr Cross Turner Green Mereside Rivington Cumeragh Village Read Sowerbutt's Green Lammack Intack Revidge Strongstry Fold Head Heaton The Row Brookhouse Forest Becks Higher Walton Chorley Moor Little Harwood Seven Stars Shadsworth Hoghton Aughton New Longton Crag Foot Elmers Green Whitewell Bottom Eccleston Greenfield Glen Top Tunstead Boarsgreave Midge Hall Little Marton Birch Hall Hoddlesden Pincock Wilpshire Darwen Waterslack Bretherton Little Knowley Hey Houses Larkholme Moss Side Roseacre Elston Over Kellet Pheasant Wood Lane Side Larbreck Sunnyhurst Runshaw Moor Wrea Green Higher Constable Wallbank Cocker Bar Gregson Lane Goodshaw Whalley Fulwood Ashurst West Gillibrands Hornby Mereclough Brookhouse Clayton-le-Moors Bryning Osbaldeston Nova Scotia Stake Pool Pilling Higham Ashton Bank Chapel House Hampson Green Eskrigge Walmer Bridge Earcroft Miller Fold Simonstone South Shore Dill Hall Clayton Brook Old Langho Crag Bank Waterloo Staghills Coup Green Newby Blacko Lower Fold Goodshaw Chapel Wrayton Cow Ark Marshaw Rising Bridge Fulledge Helmshore Black Pole Bank Top Haighton Green Moss Side Corner Row Sherfin Parbold Beverley Hapton Treales Woodsfold The Greaves Pool Hey Farleton Lower Green Bank Grimshaw Green Bay Gate Brook The Straits Turton Bottoms Becconsall Newbridge Newton-with-Scales Pippin Street Bank Top Pudding Pie Nook Newchurch in Pendle Trunnah East Pimbo Hall Green Withnell Fold Farington Moss Little Moor End Warbreck Newton Meal Bank Wensley Fold Standen Hall Ramsgreave Lathom Lytham St Anne's Crossmoor Rufford Kirkham Fairhaven Elmslack Carry Bridge New Hall Hey Little Plumpton Cold Row Clitheroe Hall Cross Claughton Town's Moor Green West End Barton Staynall Lower Audley Hambleton Mere Side Laneside Larches Langho Heysham Tardy Gate Hud Hey Cuerden Green Dowbridge Hollin Hall New Town Stalmine Moss Side Church Clough Spring Hill Silverdale Green Holt Green Clifton Higher Broad Clough Cantsfield Billington Ribby Brinscall Flax Moss Skelmersdale Rawtenstall Cockerham Higher Penwortham Blacksnape White Lund Over Leck Hole House Cowan Bridge Ribbleton Elswick Nether Kellet New Lane Wycoller Wrightington Bar Wheatley Lane Horton Hutton Waterfoot Aughton Little Marsden Holden Horrocksford Golgotha Downholland Cross Overton Tunstall Hawes Side Osbaldeston Green Mere Syke Hillock Vale Oswaldtwistle Holme Slack Jack's Mere Adelphi Burn Naze Hurlston Green Gisburn Cotes Bleasdale Peel Hill Salwick Kellamergh Woodplumpton Edgworth Moor Bickerstaffe Stock Elswick Leys Royal Oak Bastwell Water Winmarleigh Moss Walker Fold Huncoat Preston New Gate Cote Holme Newtown Bescar Shireshead Hambleton Moss Side Lane Head Marton Fold Fleetwood Cottam Whalley Banks Nelson Bailrigg Rush Bed Jack Green Adlington Nooklands Broadgate Preesall Heath Charnock Stubbins Mythop Crawford Lane Bottom Lumb Scotforth Green Haworth Longshaw Knowley Little Town Banks Glasson Milnshaw Foulridge Barley St Michael's on Wyre Earnshaw Bridge Love Clough Westhead Knott End-on-Sea Feniscowles Fairview Galgate Bangor's Green Piercy Forest Holme Knotts Downham Pennylands Walton-le-Dale Reedley Far Banks Cowpe Hollins Lane Wood Top Abbey Village Ridge Shirdley Hill Carnforth Brunshaw Frenchwood Lower Heysham Cabus Singleton Burnley Wood Lower Cloughfold Holden Vale Kingsfold Croston Southfield Reeds Holme Facit Entwistle Ribchester Lea Cow Hill Snape Green Higher Bartle Pike Hill Freckleton Eagland Hill Nun Hills Brindle Mellor Brook Moss Bridge Syke Side Pleasington Hunger Hill Scaitcliffe High Cross Great Harwood Whitworth Pendleton Waterfoot Hollins Grove Stoneyholme Nar Halton Green Farington Lane Ends Higherford Green Bank Four Lane Ends Chapeltown Whittlefield Waterloo Higher Change Great Plumpton Much Hoole Town Moorlands Whittlestone Head Aughton Park Rake Foot Towngate Tarnbrook Hesketh Moss Hall Carr Upper Thurnham Hurlston Lucas Green Inskip Bolton Town End Mowbreck Much Hoole Moss Houses Capernwray Little Thornton Wiswell Nateby Coppull Moor Salterforth Twiston Leck Pot House Anchorsholme Clayton Green Myerscough Smithy Lightfoot Green Bamber Bridge Hoghton Bottoms Hareholme Cadshaw Whinny Heights Crow Trees Wesham Bispham Green Newton Whalleys Catlow Holland Slack Grimeford Village Harrop Fold Brockhall Village Quernmore Marton Moss Side Street Whitefield Sand Side Wrightington Lower Ballam Samlesbury Warton Weeton Little Bispham Silverdale Sunny Bower Kelbrook Rockliffe Marsden Height Longridge Chipping Sollom Scale Hall Grimshaw Thursden York Belmont Hardhorn Village Lower Thurnham Moor Side Fulwood Row Newburgh Cuerden Ryal Fold Worden Great Marton Oakenshaw Hurst Green Torrisholme Broad Clough Sharneyford Bowerham Cuddy Hill Andertons Mill Barrow Nook Roach Bridge Chapels Trawden Tarleton Moss Worston Waterside Grimsargh Bonds Lower House Higher Hogshead Digmoor Easington Hare Appletree Ratten Row Appley Bridge Clow Bridge Avenham Aldcliffe Newlands Tarlscough Town Centre Swarthdale Inglewhite Longshoot Catterall Cribden Side Hartwood Morecambe Irwell Vale Ellel Moor Side Norbreck Woodnook Conder Green Bradley Chatterton Tanhouse Gallows Hill Sykes Abraham Heights Sower Carr Blaguegate Goose Green Moor End Maudlands Hey Head Cherry Tree Smithy Lane Ends Red Scar Ward Green Cross Holmeswood Sharoe Green North Shore Haverbreaks Seed Lee Huttock Top Swillbrook Catforth West Pimbo Slaidburn Witton Up Holland Blackamoor Middleton Lenches Sawley Queen's Park Queenstown Fisher's Row Harwood Bar Cob Wall Nether Burrow Thorney Holme Raikes Smith Green Dinckley Within Grove Whitebirk Primrose Great Marton Moss Moss Edge Lostock Hall Red Bridge Preesall Park Heskin Green Low Moor Ortner Holland Lees Earby Bowker's Green Weir Hundred End Green End Edgeside Thorpe Green Hesketh Lane Yealand Redmayne Hoyle Bottom Scarisbrick Bank Houses Pleckgate Stanhill Hill Dale Burnley Lane Siss Clough Brierfield Anchor Howgill Thornton Shaw Clough Caton Green Inskip Moss Side Haskayne Top o' th' Lane Little Carleton Nab's Head Higher Baxenden Heasandford Haslingden Coppull Turpin Green Farringdon Park Booth Bridge Sough Carr Hall Cowling Rake Head Wade Hall Freehold Ewood Bridge Copster Green Lowerford Skippool Bolton-le-Sands Fishwick Medlar Crawshawbooth Revoe Churchtown Church Lea Town Ollerton Fold Mill Hill Nog Tow Wennington Pinfold Guide Robin Hood Roe Lee Shawforth Copp Barrowford Lumb Westby Whittle-le-Woods Blackleach Winewall Colne Bank Hey Carleton Hey Halsall Dam Side Wharles Cleveleys Bispham Scorton Peel Stubbins Bank Fold Stanley Much Hoole Newchurch Wray Primrose Bare Arkholme Lane Heads Habergham Eccleshill Roughlee Livesey Fold Cliviger Bashall Town