Japanese Knotweed Removal in Burscough

Get in touch

Japanese knotweed is a troublesome plant that can cause significant damage to properties if left unchecked.

Understanding the legal obligations for Japanese Knotweed removal is crucial to avoid potential fines and legal action.

It is important to carefully consider the different removal methods, weighing the pros and cons of each to find the most effective solution.

Professional removal may be more costly, but the results are more reliable and may prevent the further spread of Japanese Knotweed.

Discover more about this invasive plant and why Tree Surgeon Near Me is the best choice for Japanese knotweed removal in Burscough.

What are the Legal Obligations for Japanese Knotweed Removal?

In the UK, the removal and control of Japanese knotweed are regulated by several laws including the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and the Environment Protection Act 1990, which mandate specific legal obligations to prevent its spread and protect the environment.

Under these legal frameworks, property owners and developers are required to take necessary precautions to manage and eradicate Japanese knotweed on their land to avoid its rapid growth and potential damage to neighbouring properties. The Environment Agency plays a crucial role in monitoring and enforcing these regulations, ensuring compliance with the established guidelines.

Failure to comply with these laws can result in substantial penalties, fines, and legal actions.

Property owners in Burscough can face severe consequences if Japanese knotweed is allowed to spread unchecked, as it can cause structural damage, reduce property value, and even lead to legal disputes with neighbours.

How to Remove Japanese Knotweed?

Removing Japanese knotweed effectively requires a combination of professional expertise and strategic application of herbicides such as glyphosate to ensure complete eradication and prevent regrowth.

What are the Different Methods of Japanese Knotweed Removal?

There are several methods to remove Japanese knotweed, including herbicide treatments, excavation, and the installation of root barriers to prevent the spread of its invasive roots.

Herbicide treatments involve the application of specific chemicals directly onto the knotweed, targeting its growth and root system. Glyphosate-based herbicides are commonly used as they effectively kill the plant without harming surrounding vegetation. It may require multiple applications over several seasons for complete eradication.

  1. Excavation, on the other hand, involves digging up the entire root system of the plant. This method is labour-intensive but can be highly effective, especially for smaller infestations. Proper disposal of the excavated material is crucial to prevent regrowth.

  2. Installing root barriers is another strategy to contain Japanese knotweed's spread. These barriers act as physical barriers that prevent the roots from growing beyond a certain point. They are particularly useful in areas where excavation is not feasible or in combination with other removal methods.

What are the Pros and Cons of Each Removal Method?

Each method for removing Japanese knotweed, whether it is through herbicides, excavation, or root barriers, comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages that need to be considered for effective management.

Herbicides are often considered a cost-effective and quick solution for eradicating Japanese knotweed. They can target the plant at the source and prevent regrowth, but there are concerns about the environmental impact and potential harm to other plants and wildlife.

Excavation, on the other hand, guarantees complete removal of the plant, ensuring no regrowth. It is labour-intensive, costly, and can disturb the soil ecosystem. Root barriers offer a non-intrusive approach, but may not completely eliminate the plant, requiring ongoing maintenance to control its spread.

What are the Pros and Cons of Each Removal Method?

What Is the Cost To Remove Japanese Knotweed Burscough?

The average cost to remove Japanese Knotweed in the UK is £3500.

The price of Japanese Knotweed removal in the UK can vary significantly based on several factors, including the size of the infestation, the method of removal, and the location. Here are some approximate costs:

Herbicide Treatment Burscough:

Herbicide treatment is typically the most cost-effective method but requires multiple treatments over a period of time, usually 2-3 years. The cost can range from:

£1,000 to £3,000 for a typical residential property.

Excavation and Removal Burscough:

The excavation method involves physically removing the knotweed and contaminated soil. It's quicker but more expensive, usually costing:

£5,000 to £20,000 depending on the extent of the infestation and depth of the roots.

Integrated Treatment Plans Burscough:

Combining herbicide treatments with excavation can be a more effective long-term solution. Costs for these plans can range £2,000 to £10,000.

On-Site Burial or Cell Burial Burscough:

An alternative to off-site disposal is on-site burial, where the knotweed is contained in a geo-textile membrane to prevent regrowth.

On-site Burial of knotweed costs between £5,000 to £15,000 depending on the amount of material and complexity of the site.

Monitoring and Guarantees:

Many companies offer monitoring services and guarantees (often up to 10 years) to ensure the knotweed does not return. These can add £500 to £1,500 to the overall cost.

When considering the overall expenses related to Japanese knotweed removal, it's essential to factor in several key components.

The initial assessment fees play a crucial role in understanding the scope of the infestation and determining the appropriate treatment approach. Following this assessment, the treatment plan itself incurs costs, which can vary based on the size of the affected area and the chosen eradication method.

Can Japanese Knotweed be Removed Without Professional Help?

Whilst it is possible to attempt the removal of Japanese knotweed without professional help using DIY methods, it is generally not recommended due to the plant's invasive nature and the risk of regrowth if not handled correctly.

Removing Japanese knotweed through DIY methods can present various challenges. The plant's extensive root system can spread quickly underground, making it difficult to eradicate entirely without specialised knowledge and tools.

Improper removal techniques may inadvertently spread the invasive plant further, leading to more significant infestations.

Following legal guidelines is crucial when dealing with Japanese knotweed. Many regions have specific laws and regulations governing the proper disposal of this plant due to its destructive potential. Failing to adhere to these guidelines could result in legal consequences and further environmental harm.

Seeking professional assistance for Japanese knotweed removal not only ensures compliance with legal requirements but also offers the expertise needed for effective and long-lasting eradication.

Professionals can assess the extent of the infestation, choose the most appropriate removal methods, and provide ongoing monitoring to prevent regrowth.

How to Prevent Japanese Knotweed from Spreading?

Preventing the spread of Japanese knotweed involves rigorous containment methods such as using root barriers, regular monitoring, and responsible disposal of plant material to ensure that its aggressive root system does not invade new areas.

  1. Root barriers are physical barriers installed underground, preventing the plant's rhizomes from spreading horizontally.

  2. Monitoring involves regular inspections to detect any signs of Japanese knotweed regrowth or spread, enabling prompt intervention.

Proper disposal of Japanese knotweed material is crucial to prevent accidental propagation; this may involve burning, deep burial, or transport to authorised landfill sites.

How to Prevent Japanese Knotweed from Spreading?

What to Do with Japanese Knotweed After Removal?

After removing Japanese knotweed, it is critical to follow legal guidelines set by the Environment Agency for safe disposal to prevent further spread and comply with environmental regulations.

  1. Approved methods for disposing of Japanese knotweed typically involve thorough treatment and containment to ensure eradication without harming the environment.

  2. The Environment Agency plays a crucial role in overseeing and enforcing these regulations to safeguard ecosystems and prevent invasive plants from re-establishing.

  3. By conducting inspections and monitoring disposal practices, they help maintain environmental health and biodiversity.

How Long Does Japanese Knotweed Removal Take?

The duration of Japanese knotweed removal can vary widely, often taking several treatment cycles over a period of months or even years, especially when professional intervention is required to ensure complete eradication.

Several factors influence the timeline for removing Japanese knotweed, including the size and age of the infestation, the effectiveness of the treatment method used, and the environmental conditions.

In general, it is crucial to follow a structured treatment plan, typically consisting of multiple applications of herbicides or physical removal techniques. After the initial treatments, monitoring and follow-up inspections are essential to assess the effectiveness and address any regrowth that may occur. It is important to stay vigilant and proactive to prevent the reemergence of Japanese knotweed in the treated area.

Why Choose Tree Surgeon Near Me for Japanese Knotweed Removal?

Choosing a tree surgeon near me for Japanese knotweed removal ensures that you receive expert services from PCA-qualified technicians who are skilled in using effective treatment methods to manage and eradicate this invasive plant.

The team of PCA Qualified Technicians at Tree Surgeon Near Me possess a wealth of experience and expertise in handling various plant-related challenges, including the stubborn Japanese knotweed.

The comprehensive services offered by Tree Surgeon Near Me go beyond removal, including thorough site inspections, personalised treatment plans, and ongoing monitoring to ensure the complete eradication of Japanese knotweed.

Many satisfied clients have praised Tree Surgeon Near Me for their prompt and professional approach, with numerous success stories highlighting the effective and lasting results achieved in Japanese knotweed removal.

How Does Japanese Knotweed Spread?

Japanese knotweed spreads primarily through its extensive root system and rhizomes, which can grow rapidly and invade new areas, making it one of the most invasive plants in the UK.

These rhizomes are underground stems that can sprout new shoots, allowing the plant to spread quickly and establish itself in various environments.

  • This aggressive growth strategy enables Japanese knotweed to outcompete native vegetation for resources, leading to a reduction in biodiversity.

  • The plant's ability to regenerate from even a tiny fragment of rhizome makes it challenging to control and eradicate completely.

Environmental conditions play a crucial role in facilitating the growth and dispersion of Japanese knotweed.

Factors Favoring Growth

Impact

Moist soil

Allows for optimal root development and expansion

Full sunlight

Promotes photosynthesis and overall plant growth

Warmer climates

Accelerate the growth rate of Japanese knotweed

How to Identify Japanese Knotweed?

Identifying Japanese knotweed involves recognising its distinctive physical characteristics, such as its bamboo-like stems, heart-shaped leaves, and clusters of small white flowers that often bloom in late summer.

What are the Physical Characteristics of Japanese Knotweed?

Japanese knotweed is characterised by its tall, bamboo-like stems that can grow up to 3 metres high, and its large, heart-shaped leaves that are arranged in a zigzag pattern along the stem.

The distinctive stem structure of Japanese knotweed is what often catches the eye of observers, resembling that of bamboo. These sturdy stems can be hollow and have a characteristic segmented appearance. Moving onto its leaves, they are broadly heart-shaped with a pointed tip, adding to the plant's unique appeal.

Japanese knotweed flowers in late summer to early autumn, producing small clusters of creamy white flowers that form a striking contrast against the backdrop of its lush green foliage. As the seasons change, these vibrant green leaves transform into a warm shade of red in autumn, creating a beautiful visual display.

What are the Similar Plants to Japanese Knotweed?

Several plants can be mistaken for Japanese knotweed, including astilbe and goatsbeard, due to their similar appearance and growth patterns.

Astilbe, known for its feathery plumes of flowers, typically reaches about 2 to 3 feet in height, while Japanese knotweed can grow up to 10 feet tall. On the other hand, goatsbeard has large, fluffy flower heads that can be mistaken for knotweed's small white to green flowers.

In terms of leaves, astilbe's foliage is fern-like and often appears more delicate compared to the large, heart-shaped leaves of Japanese knotweed. In contrast, goatsbeard's leaves are deeply lobed, resembling maple tree leaves, unlike the distinct zigzag pattern of knotweed leaves.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does Japanese Knotweed Removal work?

Japanese Knotweed Removal typically involves a combination of methods such as chemical treatment, excavation, and burial. Our team of experts at Tree Surgeon Near Me will assess the severity of the infestation and create a customised removal plan for your specific situation.

Why should I hire a professional for Japanese Knotweed Removal?

Japanese Knotweed is a highly resilient plant that can quickly regrow if not completely removed. Hiring a professional for removal ensures that the plant is properly and thoroughly eradicated, preventing any future growth and potential damage to your property.

Is Japanese Knotweed Removal a one-time process?

No, Japanese Knotweed Removal is not a one-time process. The plant has a strong root system that can survive for multiple years, and it may take several treatments and monitoring to completely eliminate it. We offer long-term management plans to ensure the complete removal of Japanese knotweed.

Will Japanese Knotweed Removal damage my property?

At Tree Surgeon Near Me, we take great care to minimise any potential damage to your property during the removal process. Our team uses safe and effective methods to eliminate Japanese knotweed without causing harm to your property.

Can I remove Japanese Knotweed myself?

It is not recommended to remove Japanese knotweed yourself as it requires specialised knowledge and equipment. Improper removal methods can actually worsen the infestation and spread the plant to other areas. It is best to hire a professional for safe and effective Japanese Knotweed Removal.

We cover Burscough (Lancashire)

Get in touch

We aim to get back to you in 1 working day.


Skip to

Gallery

Other locations available for japanese knotweed removal
Peel Hill Ewood Bridge Singleton Bank Houses Blacksnape Foulridge Aughton Moorgate Catforth Great Altcar Booth Bridge Appley Bridge Gallows Hill Pilling Lane Coppull Moor Waterside Myerscough Smithy Brock Ingol Rivington Siss Clough Feniscowles Burscough Lammack Gressingham Hardhorn Village Westhead White Moss Ollerton Fold Nelson Elmers Green Cloughfold East Pimbo Larkholme Lower Darwen Mellor Brook Knowle Green Hoscar Fleetwood Primrose Woodnook Clitheroe Southward Bottom Newton Norcross Great Harwood Street Slaidburn Cadley Wheatley Lane Edgeside Goodshaw Hollin Hall Tarlscough Green Lane Tatham Grunsagill Rising Bridge Hawkshaw Hampson Green Croston Sherfin Brinscall Forest Becks Dolphinholme Cob Wall Rimington Midge Hall Blackpool Skelmersdale Royal Oak Halton Newburgh Lea Town Forest Holme Ansdell Nateby Sandham's Green Lower Heysham Penwortham Lane Bottom Love Clough Fairview Altham Lane Side Cowan Bridge Osbaldeston Freehold Millhead Seven Stars Red Scar Brookhouse Wray Hyndburn Bridge Red Bridge Tanhouse Moss Side Pimlico Eskrigge Over Leck Ribchester Winewall Burn Naze Water West End Billington Aughton Park Park Place Norbreck Greenhalgh Scale Hall Shaw Green Baxenden Bank Top Black Pole Newchurch in Pendle Staining Little Singleton Nova Scotia Up Holland Snape Green Worsthorne Spen Brook Marsh Houses Saltcotes Hapton Middleton Red Bank Hillock Vale Lumb Bowerham Pendleton Facit Catterall Brown Edge Little Marsden Crag Bank Whinny Heights Higher Baxenden Grimshaw Whitehall Waterfoot Knuzden Brook Foxhill Bank Haverbreaks Haighton Green Haslingden Cocker Bar Church Clough Coates Bretherton Beverley Copster Green Grimshaw Green Strongstry Town Centre Balderstone Old Langho Cowpe Primet Bridge Silverdale Standen Hall Cockerham Moor End Meal Bank Turton Bottoms Hareholme Raikes Trunnah Edgworth Moor Catlow Syke Side Darwen Crawshawbooth Forton Bay Horse Lower Ballam Reedley Hundred End Lane Heads Dam Side Bashall Eaves Whiteholme Crag Foot Haighton Top Haggate Chipping Spring Green Normoss Ashton-on-Ribble Queen's Park Kingsfold Withnell Fold Great Eccleston Rush Bed Milnshaw Heysham Lower Fold Goose Green Rockliffe Staynall Farington Moss Cotton Tree New Gate Bowgreave Lower Thurnham Mereclough Nun Hills Gisburn Cotes Higher Hogshead Rake Head Cabus Matshead Laneshaw Bridge Halsall Salesbury Dill Hall Winmarleigh Broadgate Pool Hey Waterside Ring o' Bells Over Burrow Gregson Lane Pleckgate Chatburn Colne Edge Pinfold Trawden Squires Gate Belmont Wilpshire Clow Bridge Knowley Over Town Howgill Harle Syke Lower Lee Lowerford Mere Brow Edge Fold Digmoor Ramsgreave Clayton-le-Woods Much Hoole Town Out Rawcliffe Green Bank Grange Medlar Sykes Great Marton Moss Hothersall Holden Hollins Lane Towngate Lower Bartle Fulwood Row Jack's Mere Cribden Side Waverledge Edenfield Skitham Peel Bank Higher Cloughfold Walmer Bridge Ashurst Pike Hill Lower Cloughfold Kirkham Newton-with-Scales Enfield Warton Chapeltown Mellor Aughton Hambleton Lytham St Anne's Nether Kellet Lower House Barber's Moor Whitechapel Hawes Side Knotts Newton Preesall Park Dowbridge Golgotha Higher Walton Goodshaw Chapel Worden Mereside Bare Bickerstaffe New Longton Scaitcliffe Holme Chapel Glasson Longshaw Bottom of Hutton Hall Carr Clayton Brook Newtown Waterside Adelphi Skerton Little Eccleston Little Carleton Downham Clayton Green Thorpe Green Tunstead Boarsgreave Whittingham Leck Fulwood Higher Ballam Whitebirk Turpin Green Burnley Breedy Butts Royshaw Hill Eccleshill Roseacre Wymott Dinckley Penwortham Lane Four Lane Ends Frenchwood Hollins Grove Stopper Lane Carleton Bolton Houses Far Banks Over Kellet Hartwood Inskip Moss Side Moss Side Little Hoole Moss Houses Bamber Bridge Cuerden Green Euxton Paythorne Deepdale Shaw Clough Brockhall Village Sunnyhurst Barrowford Galgate Lewth Wheelton Oswaldtwistle Lower Green Bank Ryelands Long Ing Riley Green Intack Burnley Lane Cottam Cumeragh Village High Cross Heapey Grimeford Village Lumb Abraham Heights Waterloo Farringdon Park Grimshaw Park Slyne Weir Pickup Bank Swillbrook Hambleton Moss Side Wapping Helmcroft Brighouse Green Longholme Height End Broad Clough Waterfoot Hest Bank Crossgill Lower Penwortham Staghills Ryal Fold Bolton Green Cold Row Higham Wrayton Farleton Hey Head Leyland Hesketh Lane North Holme Moor Side Anderton Hole House Warbreck Heaton Yealand Storrs Edge End Mossy Lea Newton Harrop Fold Beardwood Top o' th' Lane Stake Pool Goodshaw Fold Feniscliffe Whittlestone Head Bank Fold Stanhill Silverdale Green Wrightington Upper Thurnham Riverside Docklands Hindle Fold Five Lane Ends Grindleton Chatterton Barton Overton Belthorn Weeton Wiswell Layton Adlington Park Wesham Crossmoor Bashall Town Pot House Whinny Edge Skippool Kelbrook Abbey Village West Gillibrands Johnson's Hillock Little Moor End Bank Hey Nar Pudding Pie Nook Andertons Mill Edgworth Wensley Fold Newchurch Brownside Clayton-le-Moors Larches North Shore Peel Tosside Spring Side Shorey Bank Little Marton Moss Side Lenches Inskip Howick Cross Earcroft Fulledge Cuerden Hardhorn Higher Copthurst Moorlands Nook White Coppice Chorley Pheasant Wood Colne Piercy Roby Mill Moss Edge Newsholme Rawtenstall Bescar Hollins Elswick Withnell Barnoldswick Barton Cherry Tree Dunnyshop Bay Gate Pincock Tardy Gate Hala Claughton Ellel Salwick Blacko Nooklands Holland Slack Marsh Barnfield Scorton Tottleworth Walton Summit Rufford White Lund Whitefield Laund Heath Charnock Lostock Hall Blackburn The Straits Padiham Harwood Bar Brandwood Read Clifton Limbrick Farington Much Hoole Moss Houses Bryning Heaton's Bridge Bull Hill Osbaldeston Green Witton Chapels Spring Vale High Moor Carr Cross Bacup Sharneyford Mawdesley Townsend Fold Anchorsholme Lytham White Stake Easington Poulton-le-Fylde Haskayne Hurlston Newbridge Accrington Stock Holland Lees Runshaw Moor Laneside Crawford Constable Lee Southfield Farington Cote Holme Longshoot Whalley Shadsworth Waterloo Hugh Mill Alleytroyds Cadshaw Lane Ends Holmeswood Cowling Moss Side Fold Head Tunstall Becconsall Avenham Brownhill Stoneyholme The Greaves Quernmore Lane Head Preston Potters Brook Aldcliffe Elmslack Charnock Richard Whalleys Great Knowley Samlesbury Bottoms Lucas Green Belgrave Earnshaw Bridge Higher Penwortham Acre Millgate Bolton-le-Sands Gisburn Entwistle Churchtown Roe Lee Earby Blackamoor Whittlefield Oakenshaw Ormskirk Woodplumpton Ribbleton Weld Bank Habergham Bilsborrow Spring Hill Bruna Hill Sough Ewood Newton Bulk Banks Scarisbrick Hunger Hill Whitworth Hoyle Bottom Samlesbury Stacksteads Lancaster Wennington Cliviger Moor Side Stalmine Moss Side Horton Higher Bartle Greenfield Cow Ark Queenstown Sand Side St Michael's on Wyre New Lane Seed Lee Hoghton Moss Bridge Town Head Hare Appletree Duncombe Brindle Stanley Pleasington The Row Whalley Banks Waterslack Whitewell Ratten Row Simonstone Higherford Higher Broadhalgh Whitewell Bottom Reeds Holme Eccleston Wade Hall Wycoller Tarleton The Wrangling Sabden Little Harwood Pippin Street Brunshaw Roughlee Sough Cuddy Hill Green Haworth Bowker's Green Little Town Lea Hall Green Hud Hey Green End Longridge Stubbins Newsham Butt Yeats Barley Clayton-le-Dale Bastwell Higher Audley Worston Pennylands Mill Hill Fairhaven Scotforth Calder Vale Scronkey Halton Green Broughton Freckleton Horrocksford Fosters Green Broadfield Whin Lane End Fence Walthew Green Hurst Green Hey Lathom New Hall Hey Oakenclough Greave West Pimbo Whittington Rose Hill Hoohill Wrea Green Birch Hall Bank Top Heasandford Common Edge Hall Cross Walton-le-Dale Church Esprick Tockholes Mere Syke Ulnes Walton Yealand Redmayne Newby Ribbleton Hall Shireshead Shirdley Hill Park Close South Shore Nab's Head Bonds Stydd Hill Dale Burscough Bridge Tewitfield Thursden Walker's Hill Warton Mythop Robin Hood Revidge Hesketh Bank Ford Green Yealand Conyers Roach Bridge Heskin Green Downholland Cross West End Bracewell Bradley Marton Moss Side Myerscough Anchor Huttock Top Scarth Hill Windy Harbour Within Grove Rossall Beach Fern Gore Thistleton Town's Moor Claughton Revoe Trough Gate Brierfield Fishwick Huncoat Broadfield Larbreck Goosnargh Higher Wheelton Little Bispham Arkholme Drummersdale Stalmine Helmshore Bunkers Hill Blaguegate Chapel House Booth Fold Hoddlesden Holmes Much Hoole New Town Waddington Hesketh Moss Brook Little Knowley Brookhouse Sollom Ireby Great Marton Birkacre Smallwood Hey Corner Row Tarleton Moss Mowbreck Langho Daisyfield Little Thornton Cantsfield St Anne's Stanah Blackleach Fisher's Row Higher Broad Clough Sower Carr Wood Top Melling Higher Croft Botton Head Willacy Lane End Lower Baxenden Winmarleigh Moss Bispham Green Astley Village Newton Sawley Knott End-on-Sea Chorley Moor Hoghton Bottoms Golden Hill Higher Heysham Longton Shawforth Maudlands Sunderland Tarnbrook Eagland Hill Holden Vale Stodday Burnley Wood Croft Whittle-le-Woods Bispham Elston Marsh Side Farm Higher Change Turner Green Twiston West Bradford Grimsargh Thorney Holme Low Moor Inglewhite Marton Fold Parbold Little Plumpton Ribby Cliffe Norden Higher Constable Middleforth Green Lomeshaye Four Lane Ends Flax Moss Hurlston Green Warton Bank Dunsop Bridge Nether Burrow Smith Green Cockden Irwell Vale Hutton Marsden Height Bolton-by-Bowland Holt Green Hey Houses Green York Dunnockshaw Nethertown Adlington Well Bank Lower Audley Charnock Green Town Green Cow Hill Swarthdale Brookfield Treales Caton Lowgill Bangor's Green Bolton Town End Morecambe Little Layton Wallbank Barrow Nook Ward Green Cross Carr Hall Primrose Ashton Bank Great Plumpton Kellamergh Overtown Hollin Bank Garstang Carnforth Copp Dalton Woodsfold East Gillibrands Cleveleys Marshaw Westby Ridge Mere Side Borwick Bleasdale Little Poulton Great Mitton Carry Bridge Waterbarn Walker Fold Coup Green Sandylands Smithy Lane Ends Conder Green Rishton Lightfoot Green Rake Foot Stanley Gate Torrisholme Coppull Oakenhead Wood Bailrigg Rose Grove Guide Hare Runs Elswick Leys Capernwray Wharles Newlands Scout Monkroyd Tanterton Miller Fold School Lane Glen Top Stubbins Caton Green Abbeystead Balladen Hale Nook Nog Tow Turn Pilling Crow Trees Barrow Highfurlong Sunny Bower Hornby Little Marton Lower Copthurst Lower Fold Jack Green Salterforth Priest Hutton Radford Thornton Livesey Fold Ortner Hurstwood Sowerbutt's Green Sherwood Holme Slack Preesall Wrightington Bar Sharoe Green